一、优化生物质气预处理技术

　　1、 Optimizing biomass gas pretreatment technology

　　生物质气的品质对发电机组的能源转化率有着基础性影响。生物质气中常含有硫化氢、焦油、颗粒物等杂质，这些杂质不仅会降低燃烧效率，还可能对发动机部件造成腐蚀和磨损。因此，高效的预处理工艺是提升能源转化率的关键第一步。

　　The quality of biomass gas has a fundamental impact on the energy conversion rate of power generation units. Biomass gas often contains impurities such as hydrogen sulfide, tar, and particulate matter, which not only reduce combustion efficiency but may also cause corrosion and wear to engine components. Therefore, an efficient pretreatment process is the key first step in improving energy conversion efficiency.

　　在脱硫环节，可采用干法脱硫与湿法脱硫相结合的复合脱硫技术。干法脱硫利用氧化铁、活性炭等吸附剂与硫化氢发生化学反应，将其脱除，具有操作简单、成本低的优点；湿法脱硫则通过碱性溶液吸收硫化氢，脱硫效率高，能深度净化气体。两者结合，可将生物质气中的硫化氢含量降至极低水平，减少对后续燃烧和发电设备的损害。

　　In the desulfurization process, a composite desulfurization technology combining dry desulfurization and wet desulfurization can be used. Dry desulfurization utilizes adsorbents such as iron oxide and activated carbon to chemically react with hydrogen sulfide to remove it, which has the advantages of simple operation and low cost; Wet desulfurization absorbs hydrogen sulfide through alkaline solution, with high desulfurization efficiency and deep gas purification. By combining the two, the hydrogen sulfide content in biomass gas can be reduced to an extremely low level, reducing damage to subsequent combustion and power generation equipment.

　　对于焦油的处理，热裂解和催化裂解技术是较为有效的手段。热裂解是在高温条件下，使焦油分子分解为小分子气体；催化裂解则是在催化剂的作用下，加速焦油的分解反应，降低焦油含量。经过高效焦油处理的生物质气，能在燃烧过程中更充分地释放能量，减少积碳和堵塞问题，从而提高发电机组的能源转化率。

　　Thermal cracking and catalytic cracking techniques are relatively effective means for the treatment of tar. Thermal cracking is the process of breaking down tar molecules into small molecule gases under high temperature conditions; Catalytic cracking is the process of accelerating the decomposition reaction of tar and reducing tar content under the action of a catalyst. Biomass gas treated with efficient tar can more fully release energy during combustion, reduce carbon deposition and blockage problems, thereby improving the energy conversion rate of power generation units.

　　此外，去除生物质气中的颗粒物同样重要。采用多级过滤装置，如旋风分离器、布袋除尘器等，可有效分离不同粒径的颗粒物，保证进入发电机组的生物质气清洁纯净，为高效发电创造良好条件。

　　In addition, removing particulate matter from biomass gas is equally important. Adopting multi-stage filtration devices such as cyclone separators, bag filters, etc., can effectively separate particles of different sizes, ensuring the cleanliness and purity of biomass gas entering the generator set, and creating favorable conditions for efficient power generation.

　　二、升级发电机组核心部件

　　2、 Upgrade the core components of the generator set

　　发电机组的核心部件，如发动机、发电机等，其性能直接决定了能源转化效率。对这些部件进行技术升级和优化，是提高能源转化率的重要途径。

　　The core components of a generator set, such as the engine and generator, directly determine the energy conversion efficiency based on their performance. Upgrading and optimizing the technology of these components is an important way to improve energy conversion efficiency.

　　在发动机方面，采用先进的燃烧技术能够显著提升燃烧效率。例如，高压共轨燃油喷射技术可将燃油以更高的压力喷射到气缸内，实现更精细的雾化，使燃油与空气更充分地混合，促进燃烧过程的完全性。同时，优化发动机的进气系统，采用涡轮增压或机械增压技术，增加进气量，提高发动机的充量系数，也能有效提升燃烧效率。此外，改进发动机的燃烧室设计，通过优化燃烧室形状和结构，使燃烧更均匀、更充分，减少热量损失，进一步提高能源转化率。

　　In terms of engines, adopting advanced combustion technology can significantly improve combustion efficiency. For example, high-pressure common rail fuel injection technology can inject fuel into the cylinder at a higher pressure, achieving finer atomization, allowing fuel to mix more thoroughly with air, and promoting the completeness of the combustion process. At the same time, optimizing the engine's intake system, using turbocharging or mechanical supercharging technology, increasing the intake volume, and improving the engine's charge factor can also effectively improve combustion efficiency. In addition, improving the combustion chamber design of the engine by optimizing the shape and structure of the combustion chamber, making combustion more uniform and sufficient, reducing heat loss, and further improving energy conversion efficiency.

　　发电机的选择和优化同样关键。采用高效的永磁同步发电机，相比传统的励磁发电机，具有更高的发电效率、更低的损耗和更小的体积。永磁同步发电机利用永磁体产生磁场，无需额外的励磁电流，减少了励磁损耗，提高了发电效率。同时，对发电机的冷却系统进行优化，确保其在高效运行温度范围内工作，避免因过热导致的性能下降，也有助于提升整体能源转化率。

　　The selection and optimization of generators are equally crucial. Adopting an efficient permanent magnet synchronous generator, it has higher power generation efficiency, lower losses, and smaller size compared to traditional excitation generators. Permanent magnet synchronous generators use permanent magnets to generate a magnetic field, without the need for additional excitation current, reducing excitation losses and improving power generation efficiency. At the same time, optimizing the cooling system of the generator to ensure it operates within an efficient operating temperature range, avoiding performance degradation caused by overheating, and also helping to improve overall energy conversion efficiency.

　　三、智能化运行与控制

　　3、 Intelligent operation and control

　　实现生物质气发电机组的智能化运行与控制，能够根据不同的工况实时调整运行参数，使发电机组始终保持在高效运行状态。

　　Realize intelligent operation and control of biomass gas power generation units, which can adjust operating parameters in real time according to different working conditions, so that the power generation units can always maintain efficient operation.

　　引入先进的传感器技术，对生物质气的成分、流量、压力，以及发电机组的温度、转速、功率等关键参数进行实时监测。通过数据采集系统将这些参数传输至控制系统，利用人工智能算法和模型对数据进行分析和处理，自动调整生物质气的供给量、发动机的点火提前角、进气量等运行参数，实现发电机组的自适应控制。例如，当生物质气的成分发生变化时，控制系统能够迅速调整燃烧参数，保证燃烧的稳定性和高效性；当负载发生波动时，及时调整发电功率，避免因功率匹配不当导致的能源浪费。

　　Introduce advanced sensor technology to monitor the composition, flow rate, pressure of biomass gas, as well as key parameters such as temperature, speed, and power of the generator set in real-time. These parameters are transmitted to the control system through a data acquisition system, and artificial intelligence algorithms and models are used to analyze and process the data, automatically adjusting operating parameters such as biomass gas supply, engine ignition advance angle, and intake volume, to achieve adaptive control of the generator set. For example, when the composition of biomass gas changes, the control system can quickly adjust the combustion parameters to ensure the stability and efficiency of combustion; When the load fluctuates, adjust the power generation in a timely manner to avoid energy waste caused by improper power matching.

　　此外，建立发电机组的故障诊断和预测系统，通过对运行数据的长期分析和学习，提前发现潜在的故障隐患，并及时采取措施进行修复或预防，减少停机时间，提高发电机组的运行效率和能源转化率。

　　In addition, establishing a fault diagnosis and prediction system for generator sets, through long-term analysis and learning of operating data, potential fault hazards can be identified in advance, and timely measures can be taken for repair or prevention, reducing downtime and improving the operating efficiency and energy conversion rate of generator sets.

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